Methods

1class MyClass:
2    class_var = 0
3
4    # Instance method - accesses self
5    def instance_method(self):
6        return f"Instance: {self}"
7
8    # Class method - accesses cls
9    @classmethod
10    def class_method(cls):
11        return f"Class: {cls.class_var}"
12
13    # Static method - no access to class/instance
14    @staticmethod
15    def static_method():
16        return "Static method"
17
18obj = MyClass()
19obj.instance_method()       # Needs instance
20MyClass.class_method()      # Can use class
21MyClass.static_method()     # No reference needed
22
23# Factory class method
24class Date:
25    def __init__(self, year, month, day):
26        self.year, self.month, self.day = year, month, day
27
28    @classmethod
29    def from_string(cls, date_string):
30        year, month, day = map(int, date_string.split('-'))
31        return cls(year, month, day)
32
33Date.from_string("2024-01-15")