If-Else Statements
Conditional branching in C++
Interview Relevant: Basic control flow
If-Else Statements
Conditional statements control program flow based on conditions.
Syntax Forms
- if: Execute if condition is true
- if-else: Choose between two paths
- if-else if-else: Multiple conditions
- if with init (C++17): Initialize variable in if
Code Examples
Various forms of if-else statements.
cpp
1int score = 85;
2
3// Simple if
4if (score >= 60) {
5 cout << "Passed" << endl;
6}
7
8// if-else
9if (score >= 90) {
10 cout << "Grade A" << endl;
11} else {
12 cout << "Grade B or lower" << endl;
13}
14
15// if-else if-else chain
16if (score >= 90) {
17 cout << "A" << endl;
18} else if (score >= 80) {
19 cout << "B" << endl;
20} else if (score >= 70) {
21 cout << "C" << endl;
22} else {
23 cout << "F" << endl;
24}
25
26// C++17: if with initializer
27if (auto it = map.find(key); it != map.end()) {
28 cout << it->second << endl;
29}
30
31// Ternary operator
32string result = (score >= 60) ? "Pass" : "Fail";